"Bernhard" station Be-14

["Bernhard" station locations - intro]

Latest page update: February 2020 (added refs. 210X-210AE).

Previous updates: October 2019 (uploaded complete map for ref. 210A, added maps ref. 210E-210W).

BERNHARD INSTALLATION BE-14 AT AIDLINGEN / VENUSBERG

The Bernhard installation near Aidlingen (Be-14) is located in a small wooded area that is close to the official top of the Venusberg, 2.5 km to the northwest of the village (24 km to the southeast of downtown Stuttgart). This hill is basically a big mound, with a relatively flat top at 540 m (1770 ft) above sea level. See this interactive topographical map (with Be-14 marker). There are other hills in the area with close to the same height, but none are higher. As the name clearly suggests, this mound is a beautiful nature reserve area!

The Organisation Todt (OT) started construction of the installation in 1944. OT, named after its founder Fritz Todt, was responsible for numerous engineering and construction projects in Germany and occupied territories (the Autobahn system, the Atlantikwall and the Westwall ("Siegfried Line" in English), roads, railways, airports, U-boat shelters, bomb shelters, V1 and V2 missile launch sites, concentration camps, etc.). Construction materials (incl. concrete mix) arrived at the railway station of the village of Ehningen, 6-7 km (4 miles) to the east of the installation site. From there, they were transported by local farmers, with horses and oxen. The tall mast for the monitoring antenna also arrived pre-assembled. The installation at Aidlingen was completed and tested January-March of 1945, but never entered operation. A Wehrmachtspioniereinheit (pioneer unit, corps of engineers) destroyed the installations on 16 April 1945, ahead of approaching French troops. Ref. 94, 95, 102, 103, 117, 131. Note that the antenna manufacturer Hein, Lehman & Co. in Berlin claimed that all parts of the large antenna system were only ready to be shipped to the site when the war ended (line item 12 in ref. 177B), implying that the installation was never completed...

Fig. 231: Be-14 is marked on a Luftnachrichten map of July 1944

(source: ref. 210B)

Fighter planes were stationed at several Luftwaffe airfields in the area: e.g., Hailfingen/Bondorf (night fighters, 18 km to the south), Böblingen (8 km to the east; this was a satellite field, primarily for diversions; also used by Klemm Flugzeugbau; Daimler-Benz factory nearby), Echterdingen (24 km to the east; day & night fighters), Malmsheim (9 km to the north), Nellingen (30 km to the east; 1945; recce & night fighters), and Großsachsenheim (35 km northeast; day & night fighters). As in many other areas of Germany, the large industrial base of the Stuttgart area was completely converted to support the war effort. Examples: Robert Bosch (fuel injectors & injection pumps; a technology known but not operational on the Allied side, ref. 134), Daimler-Benz (car & airplane engines, superchargers, vehicles, high-speed patrol boats, generators), SKF (ball bearings), Zeiss-Ikon (frmr. Contessa-Nagel; cameras), Mahle (light metal die-cast products, e.g., engine pistons), Behr (automotive radiators). These larger companies also had numerous local and regional suppliers of parts and services. Ref. 264A, 264B.

Fig. 232: British aerial reconnaissance photo of Aidlingen/Venusberg (26 December 1944)

(source: ref. 102)

Fig. 233A: Satellite image of the same location (ca. 2011) - "Bernhard" ring and nearby buildings marked heavy yellow lines

(thin yellow lines based on features in the aerial photo above; magenta lines are from a 2012 tourist map)

Fig. 233B: This 1937 map segment shows that the Venusberg used to be much less wooded than today.

(source: ref. 232)

In June of 2012, I had the pleasure to visit the installation with local resident Lothar Schubert, who was kind and patient enough to show me around. The concrete ring is easily spotted from the forest trail to the north of it, about 20 meters into the brushwood. The mast with the monitoring-antenna was probably located about 900 m (0.6 miles) due west of the ring, at the edge of a small wooded area. Ref. 103.

The ring has the standard 1.5 m width, with an inside diameter of about 20 meters. It is almost fully intact. The height of the ring is about 90-95 cm. The bottom 10-15 cm of the ring is covered by soil. The top of concrete ring is flat (unlike the ring at some other Bernhard installations, where it is rounded or chamfered). The concrete used is typical for the late-war period: lots of pebbles (unlimited supply). The local soil is rather rocky, so there was no need for extensive foundation for the concrete ring and the central building; the foundation consists of 15-20 cm (6-9 inch) of coarse crushed rock.

Fig. 234: Cross-section and top view of the concrete ring at Venusberg

For each set of bolts, there are two rectangular holes in the top of the concrete. They are at least 50 cm deep. These holes are fairly uniform in size, and measure 11-12 cm x 22-23 cm (≈4½x9 inch). The on-center distance between holes of the outside and inside track is 95-98 cm. Two steel rods stick out of each hole. The rods have a diameter of 20 mm (¾ inch) and are anchored in the base of the concrete ring. The part that sticks out above the ring is threaded (M20). The holes are not placed very accurately. However, as the upper part of the steel rods can be moved around, this is not an issue when installing the rails.

At every third tie, there is a square indentation of 17x17 cm, about 3 cm deep. Their purpose is not clear.

Fig. 235: Top of the concrete ring

Fig. 236: Pairs of threaded rods

The ring is made of reinforced concrete. Steel reinforcing bars (rebar) can be seen sticking out the side of the ring in several areas.

Fig. 237: Steel reinforcement bars sticking out the side of the ring

Almost half of the round building at the center of the ring on the Venusberg hill was blown up by a Wehrmachtspioniereinheit on 16 April 1945, just ahead of the advancing French troops. There is not enough left of the door and window framing, to measure their dimensions. However, the destruction has nicely exposed the structure of the building! The top of the roof of this central building is 1.5 meter higher than the top of the concrete ring. This is driven by the height of the electric locomotives that moved the antenna system. The outside diameter of the building's wall is 3.9 meters (12.8 ft). The bottom of the concrete lintel across the door opening is 1.05 meter below the rooftop. The lintel itself is 28 cm high (11 inch). The size of the bricks in the wall varies: many are 6.5x11x16.5 cm, some are 6.5x12x25. The grout is 1.5 cm wide.

Fig. 238: Central building - view from the north side

Fig. 239: Central building - view from the east side

Fig. 240: Central building - view from the southwest side

The round flat concrete roof normally extends well beyond the walls. This part of the roof is all gone, and only some of the curled steel rebar is left (sticking out about 17 cm, suggesting a roof diameter of about 4.3 m).

Fig. 241: Steel reinforcement bars sticking out the side of what remains of the concrete roof

Fig. 242: Grenade shrapnel impacts in the steel column and side of the doubler-plate

Fig. 243: Heavy steel plates (24 mm, 1 inch !) simply shattered by explosion

There is a five meter long trench between the concrete ring and entrance door of the central building. The door opening is on the north side of the building, i.e., on the side of the nearest forest road. The walls of the trench are made of concrete and are 50 cm wide. The top of the trench walls is about 50 cm below the top of the ring. At the end closest to the ring, the trench had five stair-steps; there are concrete stringers (tread-supports), but the stair-treads (27 cm length) themselves are gone - perhaps they were made of wood, or otherwise easily removable.

Fig. 244: The trench - looking from the concrete ring towards the round building and vice versa

(the wedge-shaped block in the middle was part of the trench wall)

The diagram below shows a cross-section of the ring and the round building at the center, based on my measurements:

Fig. 245: Cross-section of the installation at Venusberg

The roof of the round building is supported by four columns, made of massive steel I-beams (H-beams, D: "Doppel T Träger"): the flanges are 30 cm (1 ft) wide and 24 mm (1 inch) thick! The web of the beams is 32 cm (12½ inch) wide and 15 mm (0.6 inch) thick. So these columns have a cross-section of 30x37 cm. The columns are spaced evenly in the round wall.

Fig. 246: The major elements of the steel support structure of the round building

Like the concrete ring, the foundation of the central building is a layer of crushed rock. The foundation of the four columns is about 50 cm below that of the concrete ring. The floor of the building is a little over 1 m (3.5 ft) below what appears to be the sill of one of the building's side-windows. I.e., about 60 cm below the soil at the entrance of the building - well below the base of the concrete ring. Floor-to-ceiling height is about 2.5 m. The soil inside the building is about 1m2 (15 bricks at 6.5 cm + 1.5 cm grout) below the top of one of the window sills.

Fig. 247: Details of the steel support structure

Fig. 248: My measurements of the steel "skeleton" of the round building

The photo below shows a stub of one of the four smaller I-beams that make the top of the structure torsionally stiffer.

Fig. 249: Cross-brace emerging from one of the four ceiling beams

Fig. 250: Top view of the steel support structure

The four joists are joined by two heavy octagonal mounting plates - one on top, one from below:

Fig. 251: The octagonal mounting plate on top of the roof of the round building

Fig. 252: A second octagonal mounting plate, against the ceiling of the round building

Fig. 253: The octagonal mounting plate against the ceiling - with mounting brackets to suspend equipment

Fig. 254: The octagonal mounting plate against the ceiling

There is a round hole at the center of the octagonal mounting plates. This is where a cylindrical shaft passed from the rotating antenna system above the round building, down to the equipment that was suspended from the brackets on the bottom octagonal plate. Underneath the hole, the four joists meet. The web of one of the I-beams is visible through the hole in the photo below. The opening between the joists is closed off by four vertical square plates that form a box (see the construction diagram in Fig. 244 above).

Fig. 255: One of the four doubler-plates (30x77 cm, 18 mm thick)

There is a doubler-plate on top of the joint of each column and the associated joist. These plates have the same width as the flanges of the main joists. The holes are not placed very accurately.

Fig. 256: One of the four doubler-plates (30x77 cm, 18 mm thick)

Besides the concrete ring with its central building, there are two ancillary buildings at the Venusberg site. The first one is about 50 m to the east of the concrete ring and is basically still intact. It is set back a little farther from the forest road. The second building is almost 150 m to the east of the concrete ring, and only its outer walls are left standing. I have not found evidence of a cable trench between either of these buildings and the ring... In the same area, there are remnants of a bunker, wooden cabin, a concrete slab of about 4x4 m to the southeast of the ring, and a concrete "box" (probably a flak site) on the north side of the Venusberg - overlooking the Lehenweiler part of Aidlingen.

Fig. 257: The location of the ancillary buildings, relative to the concrete ring

The building marked with "1" in the image above, has a barn door on the north side. The walls are made of brick (red inside). The roof is made of reinforced concrete, and has no support other than the outside walls. The concrete roof sticks out beyond the walls. In some areas, the overhang has disappeared and curled-back rebar is sticking out. There are no inside walls. The floor is one large concrete slab. The entrance door is on the side. This entrance is protected by a heavy blast-wall and concrete roof.

Fig. 258: Simplified floorplan of ancillary building 1

Fig. 259: The north side of ancillary building 1 - with a cameo appearance of Lino

Fig. 260: The side-entrance of ancillary building 1

Fig. 261: The edge of the concrete roof of building 1

Fig. 262: Simplified floorplan of ancillary building 2

Fig. 263: North entrance of building 2

Fig. 264: Looking from the south entrance to the north entrance of building 2

In the middle of the building, there is a rectangular concrete slab that measures 1.4 x 3.25 meters (4.6x10.7 ft). The slab has 6 pairs of shallow round dimples, 8 and 10 cm in diameter. The purpose of the slab in unknown. Possibly the dimples corresponded to shock-absorbing mounting feet of a diesel-generator. The diesel engine may have been of French origin (ref. 103). On the south side of the slab, there is a rectangular hole in the foundation. It may be the access to a basement.

Fig. 265: The concrete slab in the middle of ancillary building 2

The photo below shows the 110 kVA emergency backup generator of the "Goliath" Kriegsmarine transmitter station for world-wide communication to submerged submarines (incl. via Hellschreiber). It has a 150 HP diesel engine, ref. 218 (p. 188). Its size and feet are compatible with the concrete slab in the photo above.

Fig. 266: Example of a 110 kVA, 3-phase 380 VAC diesel generator

(source: "Der Goliath in Bildern - Fotos vor 1946/47" web page)

My 3D stereoscopic photos of this "Bernhard" station are here.

REFERENCES

Ref. 94: "Exkursion zu Abwehranlage der Luftwaffe - Holzgerlinger Naturfreunde auf dem Aidlinger Venusberg: Überreste aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg", in "Kreiszeitung Böblinger Bote" of 31-July-2014 [pdf]
Ref. 95: "Wie es damals war - Bau der "Radarstation" auf dem Venusberg - Wilhelm Bauer war als Kind dabei und erinnert sich", Siegrid Krülle, p. 17 in "Aidlinger Nachrichten", Nr. 18, 28 April 2015.
Ref. 102: p. 695 in "Aidlingen, Lehenweiler, Dachtel und Deufringen: Beiträge zur Ortsgeschichte", D. Ade-Rademacher (ed.), Gemeinde Aidlingen (publ.), January 1999, 848 pp., ISBN-10: 300004521X, ISBN-13: 9783000045219
Ref. 103: "Aidlingen Venusberg", web-page of Forschungsgruppe Untertage e.V. [pdf] Also part of "Pressebericht Tageswanderung zum Venusberg", Reiner Schopf, p. 28 in "Stadt Holzerlingen Nachrichtenblatt", 1 August 2014.
Ref. 117: "Gefährliches Funkfeuer auf dem Venusberg", M. Weigert, in "Kreiszeitung Böblinger Bote", 8 Sept 2009
Ref. 131: "Exkursion zu Abwehranlage der Luftwaffe", in "Kreiszeitung Böblinger Bote", 31 July 2014 [pdf]
Ref. 134: p. 136 in "American Raiders: The Race to Capture the Luftwaffe's Secrets", Wolfgang W. E. Samuel, University Press of Mississippi, 2004, 513 pp.
Ref. 177: post-war letters [in German] from the company "Hein, Lehmann & Co. Eisenkonstruktionen, Brücken- und Signalbau K.-G." in Berlin-Tempelhof to Telefunken in Berlin, with claims ("Altforderungen") regarding delivery and installation of various types of antenna systems (arrays, tube & lattice masts, wooden masts, metal-clad wooden huts, verticals, dishes, turntables, for "Bernhard", "Marius", "Marius II", "Uran II", "Forsthaus-KF", etc.), installations in Germany, Hungary, Monte Carlo, Croatia, etc., during the period of July 1942 through the end of the war (8 May 1945); source: corporate archives of DTM Berlin, file nr. I.2.060C-00541:
Ref. 177A: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken with payment status of 17 Telefunken purchase orders and the resulting outstanding significant claim; dated 19 June 1949, 2 pp.
Ref. 177B: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken with adjusted claims, based on assessment of Telefunken counter-claims; dated 19 June 1950, 8 pp.
Ref. 177C: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken, with further justification for claims regarding delivery & installation of 12 "Bernhard" antenna systems (against purchase order of July 1941) for Be-2 - Be-8 and Be-12, of 6 associated "Dioden-Masten" antenna masts (based on price quote of September 1941), and delivery (without installation) of the antenna systems of Be-1 and Be-9 - Be-11; dated 5 February 1951, 3 pp.
Ref. 210: Maps (charts) with Luftnachrichten Anlagen (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations) from the Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (BArch-MA, BAMA) Freiburg/Germany, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016". Note: at the Archive, only free-hand photography is allowed (no tripod, etc.), under sub-obtimal lighting conditions. Also, most of the maps are large, are folded into A4-size (ca. 21x30 cm, ≈8x12 inch), and are not flat when unfolded...
Ref. 210A: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen im Reichsgebiet" (radio-navigation stations in the Reich), Oberkommando der Luftwaffe [OKL] - Generalnachrichtenführer 1- II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 65 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here 12 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8 "Ln. Anlagen (Karten)", Bandnr. 2, Teil 2 of "Anlage B, Teil 2: Ln. Anlagen verschiedener Art, Juni - Aug. 1944".
Bernhard stations Be-0, Be-9, B-10, Be-11, and Be-12 are marked on this map. Map size 4x5 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210B: "Bernhard"-Anlagen im Reichsgebiet"(radio-navigation stations in the Reich), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer Abt. 1/ II. Map is dated 1 July 1944. [file size: 24 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Bernhard stations Be-0, Be-6, Be-8 through Be-12, and Be-14 through Be-16 are marked on this map. Map size 5x2½ A4-size panels.
Ref. 210C: "Ln.-Anlagen Westfront" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations on the western front). Map is dated 30 August 1944. [file size: 22 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8
Bernhard station Be-6 is marked on this map. Map size 4x3 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210D: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen Ost-Raum" (radio-navigation installations, eastern area), OKL Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt.II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 44 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Komet, Zyklop, Egon, and Truhe stations. Map size 5x5 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210E: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen Westraum" (radio-navigation installations, western area), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt. II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 83 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 10 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Bernhard stations Be-2, Be-6, Be-8, and Be-10 are marked on this map. Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Knickebein, Komet, Zyklop, Bernhard, Truhe, Erika, Y-(Kampf), Egon (Kampf), Baldur, Peildörfer, Flugsicherungshaupstellen, and Flugsichsrungszentralen.
Map size 6x5 A4-sheets (WxH). Map scale is 1:2000000.
Ref. 210F: "Funknavigationsanlagen" (radio-navigation installations), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt.II Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 107 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 13 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Map covers Europe, from mid-Scandinavia down to mid-Italy. Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Zyklop, Egon, Truhe, Bernhard, Y-Kampf, Hermine, Knickebein, Komet, Erika, Flugsicherungs-Zentralen, Flugsicherungshauptstellen. Map size 7x4 A4-sheets (WxH). Map scale 1:200000.
Ref. 210G: "Flughafen-Bereichskommando (Koflug) 10/XII". Map is not dated. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 20/310.
Koflug 10/XII moved to Morlaix/Bretagne in July of 1940; it was dissolved in October of 1944.
Bernhard station Be-2 is marked on this map. Map is marked up with Korps- & Divisions-boundaries, Ln.-Anlagen, Flugwachen, Fliegerhorste, Unterstellungen, Armeekorps LXXIV & XXV; map scale 1:500000.
Ref. 210H: "Kommando des Flughafenbereiches 8/XII (Morlaix)" (Kdo FHB 8-XII). Map is dated 6 July 1944. [file size: 91 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 31 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 20/310.
Bernhard station Be-2 is marked on this map. Map covers the western half of Brittany (Bretagne). Map is marked with boundaries at Ln. Korps & Division level; Map scale 1:200000.
The original large single-sheet map (ca. 120x105 cm overall size) was divided into 4x5 separate map panels of ca. A4 size, that were glued onto a large sheet of thin gray canvas, and folded.
Ref. 210J: Map of FuMG Stellungen in Litauen [Luftwaffe radar sites in Lithuania], Oberkommando der Luftwaffe - Generalnachrichtenführer (O.K.L. Gen.Nafü), 1. Abt. (III). Map is dated 21 July 1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/6.
Flugwachkommandos, Flugmeldezentralen, Luftflottengrenzen also marked on the map. Map scale 1:2500000, Zchs.Nr. 44/46.
Ref. 210K: Map "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Rumänien" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Rumania]). Map is dated 25 August 1944. [file size: 25 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen, LVerm., Jägerleistellungen. Map size 5x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210L: Map "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Bulgarien" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Bulgaria). Map is dated 25 August 1944. [file size: 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen, LVerm., Flugsicherungshaupstellen, Jägerleistellungen. Also, 1 map panel has listing of Luftnachrichtentruppe units present in Bulgaria at that time. Map size 5x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210M: "Ln.-Anlagen im Raume Finnland - Übersichtskarte von Nord-Finnland" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Finland). [file size: 34 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 4 MB]. Map is dated 14 October 1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13/K5.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen Sonne, Kzw-Adcock, Luftparke, FMZ, S.u.J.-Stellen, Frontrep. Betriebe, LVerm., Flugsicherungshaupstellen, and Jägerdienste. Map markings include dates of explosive destruction or disassembly ("Sprengung", "Abbau"). Map size 3x2½ A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210N: "U ntitled map of northernmost Scandinavia". Map is not dated. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Map is marked with location of "Sonne" beacons S-20 at Andö and S-17 at Svanvik, Flugsicherungszentralen "Lofoten", "Polarmeer", nr. 11 at Kemi/Finland. Map scale 1:4000000. Map size 2x1 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210P: "Ln.-Anlagen Baltikum" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in the Baltic area). Map is dated 18 September 1944. [file size: 24 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 3 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13/K3.
Map is marked with locations of FuM, LV, and RV-Netz. Map size 2x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210Q: "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Griechenland" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Greece). Map is dated 30 August 1944 - 5 November 1944 [file size: 26 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 4 MB].
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Flugsicherungszentralen, L. Verm., Luftparke, Ln. Gast., Frontrep. Betr., Rep. & Sammelstellen f. Bordfunk Geräte. Map size 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Ref. 210R: Map "Drahtlage Ost" (wired communication links, eastern area). Map is not dated. [file size: 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with line types (DK, Zuspannung, Heereslinie, Fernkabel, I-Kabel, LF-Kabel), LV, Schaltstellen. Scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210S: "I. Flugsicherungsbezirke" (air traffic control districts), OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. II. Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 91 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is is here, 11 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Colored map covers area of the southern half of Scandinavia through Greece. A seperate smal map of entire Scandinavia is attached to the back of the map (included). Map is marked with locations of Flugsicherungszentralen, Flugsicherungshauptstellen. Map scale 1:200000. Map size 5x4 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Ref. 210T: "I. Flugsicherungsbezirke" (air traffic control districts). Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 17 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 2 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Black & white map covers area of the southern half of Scandinavia through Greece. Map is marked with locations of Flugsicherungs-Hauptstellen and Flugsicherungszentralen. Map size: 3x2 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Ref. 210U: "Wassermann-Einsatz und -Planung" (operational and planned Wasserman sites), Zeichgs-Nr. 44/18-1-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 76 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 8 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Wassermann (L/M/S; operational/under construction/planned by Luftflotten, proposed by O.K.L. Gen.Nafü.), Fu.MG (nachtjagdfähig), Jagdschloß, Mammut, Freya (+ An , + An & Kuh, + Kuh & Gemse, + Fahrstuhl), Würzburg (A-D, Riese, Riese + Gema Zusatz).
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210V: "Jägermeßstellungen" (radar sites for fighter intercept guidance), Zeichgs-Nr. 44/17-2-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 61 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 25 MB]. Note: this map was rather poorly folded (6x5 layers) and not flat at all, which made it hard to stitch the indiviudal partial images back together. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Egon (Gerät, Gerät + AN, Gerät + A/K), Y-Stellung, Y-Gerät (operational, under construction, planned), Tagjadgenauigkeit, Nachtjagdgenauigkeit, and also boundaries of Zusatzzahlgebiete, Jagdtrapezbegrenzung.
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210W: "Flugmeldeeinsatz- und Organisationsplanung", Zeichgs-Nr. 44/20-1-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 63 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Note: this map has the same background map as ref. 210V, but with some different mark-ups. Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Wassermann (L/M/S), Fu.MG (nachtjagdfähig), Mammut, Freya (+ An , + An & Gemse, + An & Kuh, + Kuh & Gemse, + Fahrstuhl), Würzburg (A-D, Riese, Riese + Gema Zusatz), and also boundaries of Zusatzzahlgebiete, Jagdtrapezbegrenzung.
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210X: "Ln-Gerätestellungen im Landekopfraum" [Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations/sites]. Map is dated 24-June-1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/235 (frmr. RL 2-V/5).
Map is centered on Allied invasion beachheads in Normandie. Map is marked with location of LV, Fu.M.B., H-Peiler, Fu.M.G. Fu.Nav. (Y, Kn, E, Be), H.-Zug, Jägermeßstellungen, and s. & l. Funkfeuer sites. "Bernhard" stations Be-1 (Favières) and Be-4 (La Pernelle) are marked on this map.
Map size: ca. 4x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:500000.
Cover letter for the above map. Letter without subject, dated 24 June 1944, addressed to Chef Luftwaffe Führungsstab. Letter reference "Gen.Nafü. 1. Abt (I), Nr. 11 004/44 g. Kdos". Letter mentions scuttling/destruction of installations, transfer of forces from the Cotentin peninsula to Cherbourg, and numbers of German forces killed or taken prisoner.
Ref. 210Y: "Ln.-Anlagen im Bereich der Ostfront" [Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations on the eastern front]. Map is dated 9 February 1945. [file size: 103 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with locations of Fu.MG (1. Ordnung, Eisenbahn, mot.), Funknav.-Anlagen (Egon, Zyklop, Sonne, Truhe), LVermittlung, Jägerleitstellungen, and Flugsicherungszentralen (Nachtjagd) sites. Map markings include "Bernhard" stations Be-0, Be-12, and Be-15. On the back of the map's legend panel, the map title is repeated, but changed by hand to "Ln.-Anlagen im Bereich der Front" and "Bereich Reichsgebiet 9.2.45".
Map size: ca. 6x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale is not marked.
Ref. 210Z: "Flugsicherungseinheiten mit Nebenkarte Norwegen". Map is dated 1-Jan-1945, Gen.-Nafü 1/II. [file size: 61 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 11 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Scandinavia to Romania. Map is marked with location of Flugsicherungshauptstellen, abgesetzte UKW Arbeitsplätze, Flugsicherungszentralen (Fluz), and Rgt. / Abt. / Komp. sites.
Map size: ca. 4x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale is 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AA: "Flugsicherungszentralen Flugsicherungs-Hauptstellen", map covers area from The Netherlands to Hungary. Map is dated 1-January-1945, Gen.-Nafü 1/II. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map is marked with location of Flugsicherungszentralen (Fluz; Kampf & Nachtjagd), Flugsicherungs-Haupstellen, abgesetzte UKW-Arbeitsplätze.
Map size: ca. 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AB: "Drehkreuzachsen im Reichsgebiet". Map is dated 1-March-1945 with update on 22-March-1945, Gen.-Nafü. [file size: 88 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with location of "Drehkreuzachsen" lines (permanent phone lines, with wire-pairs twisted between masts), LV, LSZ, Jägermeßstellungen, Schaltstellen, TF-Verstärker.
Map size: ca. 5x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:1000000.
Ref. 210AC: "Gesamt-Drahtlage" [Complete com wire/cable map]. Map is dated 1-January-1945. [file size: 41 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 23 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with location of Drehkreuzachsen, Heereslinien, Fernkabel, Breitbandkabel, U-Kabel, LF-Kabel, LV, Schaltstellen, LSZ, Verstärkerämter, Betriebsstellen.
Map size: ca. 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AD: "Begriffsbestimmungen" [definitions/terminology], Anlage (appendix) to "Der Reichsmarschall d. Großdeutschen Reiches und Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Lw.Fü.St./Chef NVW Nr. 10 222/44 g.Kdos.(l/I) vom 28.2.44". Dated 28 february 1944. Page 6 missing from file. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/5.
Brief definition/clarifaction of the terms "Flugmeldedienst", "Flugwache" (Vollflugwache / Tagflugwache / Behelfsflugwache), "Fu.M.G.Stellung" (1. Ordung, 2. Ordnung, 3.Ordnung), Flugmeldezentrale (Stellungs-, Abschnitts-, Divisions-, Korps-, Flotten-), "Flugmelde-Bereiche" (Stellungs, - Abschnitts- (Flugmeldeabschnitt), Divisions-), "Einheiten des Flugmeldedienstes" (-Kompanie, -Abteilung-, -Regiment), "Flugmeldeauswertestelle eines Fliegerhorstes", "Florian-Netz", "Reportageverfahren", "Jägermeßdienst", "Jägermeßstellung", "Warnwache", "L.S.Warnkommando (L.S.Wako)", "L.S.Warnzentrale", "Eisenbahnflugwarnzentrale (Eflu-Wz.)", "Flugmeldposten der Flakartillerie".
Ref. 210AE: "Taktische Zeichen für die Neuorganization des Flugmeldedienstes, Eintragung der Geräteausstattung der Fu.M.G.-Stellung, Darstellung des Ausbauzustandes, Taktische Zeichen für die Neuorganization des Jägerleitdienstes" [map & org-chart symbology for the Luftwaffe Aircraft Reporting Service, standard equipment configuratins for radar sites, map & org-chart symbology for the reorganized Fighter Guidance Service], 1944, 6 pp. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/5.
Ref. 218: "Der Längstwellensender Goliath bei Kalbe (Milde)", Klaus Herold, pp. 169-190 in "100 Jahre Funktechnik in Deutschland: Funksendestellen rund um Berlin", Wolfgang Behnke, Vol. 1 of "100 Jahre Funktechnik in Deutschland", Wissenschaft-und-Technik Verlag, 3^rd ed. 2004, 342 pp., ISBN: 3-936124-65-5 See note 1
Ref. 232: "Aidlingen, Germany" [1:25,000 scale map; full size jpg image (16 MB)], US Army Map Services (AMS), 3^rd ed., 1954 AMS Series M841 (GSGS 4414), Sheet 7319, Map File G6080 s25 G.4; copied from 1937 map of Statistisches Landesamt in Germany, original German gridlines replaced by AMS in 1952. Accessed 26 April 2019. Accessed 26 April 2019.
Ref. 264: articles by Norbert Prothmann, in "Excursionsführen der Fachtagung Deutsche Westbefestigungen 2017" (Westwalltag 2017):
Ref. 264A: "Die Jagdwaffe und ihre Flugplätze im Umfeld der Stadt Stuttgart", Norbert Prothmann, 6 August 2017, 30 pp. See note 1
Ref. 264B: "Luftangriffe auf Stuttgart und Umgebung", Norbert Prothmann, 10 August 2017, 19 pp. See note 1

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