"Bernhard" station Be-8

["Bernhard" station locations - intro]

Latest page update: 26 June 2022 (added Fig: 143)

Previous updates: 7 December 2021 (added ref. 278); 10 October 2021 (added ref. 276); February 2020 (added refs. 210Y-210AE, refs. 244M-244Q).October-November 2019 (added ref. 177A-177C, 179A-179C, 244E-244K, uploaded complete map for ref. 210A, added maps ref. 210E-210W and Fig. 141A).

BERNHARD INSTALLATION BE-8 AT BERGEN (SCHOORL, The Netherlands)

Bernhard station Be-8 is located on the highest coastal dune (50+ mtrs above sea level) of the Netherlands, on the southwest outskirts of the village of Schoorl, 3.8 km [2.4 miles] from the beach. This is some 40 km [25 miles] to the north of downtown Amsterdam. In some publications, the site is referred to as "Belvedère", which is actually the name of the dune crest where the station was located, ref. 267.

It is also a mere 6 km north of what used to be the airfield of Bergen. The latter was built by the Dutch MoD in 1938/39, and was home to the 4^th Fighter Squadron (with 12 Fokkers model G1a aircraft, similar to the British de Havilland "Mosquito"), and a Reconnaissance Squadron (with 10 Fokkers model C10). It became a Luftwaffe "Fliegerhorst" after the German invasion in May of 1940. The Germans used quite a number of Fliegerhorste in The Netherlands, all within a 30-140 km range of Bergen. E.g., Amsterdam-Schiphol, de Kooy, Leeuwarden, Deelen, Gilze-Rijen, Eindhoven, Twenthe, Volkel, Venlo - most were preexisting Dutch airfields. Throughout the war, well over 30 airfields and airstrips were used in The Netherlands (a few of which were constructed by the Allied forces). Ref. 233A, 233B, 244H, 244J, 244K.

Fig. 139: Low-altitude off-shore RAF aerial photo of the Bernhard station near Schoorl (14 June 1943)

(source: ref. 172A)

Fig. 140: Be-8 is marked on a Luftwaffe night-fighter navigation chart

(source: ref. 244L)

Fig. 141A: Be-8 is marked on a Luftnachrichten map of June 1944

(source: ref. 210E)

Fig. 141B: Be-8 is marked on a Luftnachrichten map of July 1944

(source: ref. 210B)

The Bernhard-installation at Schoorl was constructed in 1942/43 and became operational in May of 1943. The station was already under construction in March of 1942. However, negligible progress was made for about a year, through the end of February 1943. The turntable across the ring was in place by 22 March 1943. Ref. 174A, 278. On 31 March 1943, the antenna structure was still being erected (top antenna-array still to be fitted). Ref. 174C. The antenna manufacturer, Hein, Lehman & Co., charged 31000 Reichsmark for installation of the antenna system (ref. 177C), and 5000 RM for reinforcing ("Panzerung") of the wooden fly-bridge cabin (ref. 177B).

The installation was surrounded by a large number (several dozen) of concrete and brick buildings: several 6-man crew shelters (Küstenverteidigung (Küver) bunkers type 412), a 12-man bunker of type Küver 467 (with FLAK anti-aircraft guns on top), a control bunker (9x10m), a communications bunker, a brick building with a power transformer, several small Ringstand machine gun and grenade-thrower bunkers of type 201/58c "Tobruk", etc. The defensive facilities were referred to as Widerstandsnest (W.N., lit. "resistance nest") 34 L. The station was operated by a staff of about fifteen, part of the 8^th Flugnachrichten Regiment West.

Fig. 142: RAF aerial photo of the "Bergen/Belvedere" area (22 March 1943)

(source: ref. 174B)

Fig. 144: The ring with an adjacent FLAK-base on top of a bunker

(source: unknown, probably late 1943)

The Bernhard installation was severely damaged during an attack by Bristol Beaufighters of RAF No. 143 Squadron on 23 September of 1944. The system was out of commission for almost half a year, and damaged again shortly after it was put back into service. According to ref. 179 (1944), it was decided around September of 1944, to transfer the Bernhard-equipment of Be-8 to Be-13 in Germany, about 300 km to the southeast. Accoding to ref. 210C (map of 1944), Be-8 was in the process of being dismantled on or by 5 September 1944.

Fig. 143: The concrete ring in 1947

(source: collection Nederlands Instituut voor Militaire Historie (NIMH); photo taken by Royal Netherlands Army (Leger Film- en Fotodienst (LFFD))

Some of the service buildings were used by a youth hostel from 1949 to 1964. The Bernhard ring, several Ringstand bunkers, and several crew shelter bunkers were completely dismantled during the second half of the 1980s (the ring itself in October of 1987, ref. 276). Since 1987, the remaining brick buildings accommodate a center for spiritual and physical health. A visit of the site in 2006 (ref. 135) suggests that the Auswertebunker (control bunker) on the southwest side of the ring, provided access to a tunnel system that passed under the ring (so, possibly also to the round building at the center of the ring).

Fig. 145A: The ring with an adjacent FLAK-base on top of a bunker

(photo: ©1980 Dan van Lunsen, used with permission)

The concrete ring has the standard dimensions: 22 meter diameter and 1.5 meter wide. Ca. 1987, the terrain was 0.6 - 1 meter below the top of the ring. The top of this ring has chamfered edges. The rail-ties are clearly sections of steel I-beam. They are 1.3 meter long, 15.5 cm wide ( = standard I-beam width per DIN 1025), and had bolts sticking up at ca. 13 and 27 cm from both ends.

Fig. 145B: The ring with the ties for the rail tracks in 1980

Fig. 145C: The ring in 1980

The photo below shows the Bernhard installation after it was fully dismantled. The pile on the right is an upside-down section of the rail-cover (incl. stairs) that rotated with the antenna. A support wheel is visible.

Fig. 147: The destroyed "Bernhard"

(photo: ref. 127)

Fig. 148: The destroyed "Bernhard"

(photo: ref. 127)

REFERENCES

Ref. 127: "Vliegveld Bergen NH 1938-1940", J.H. Schuurman, A.W. de Poel (ed.), Uitgeverij De Coogh, 2001, 336 pp., ISBN 9075440049
Ref. 135: "Bernard bij Schoorl", trip report on www.forten.info.nl by Marco Spijker, 2006 [pdf]
Ref. 172: copy of item in file AIR 29/284 "Central Interpretation Unit (CIU) Medmenham; Interpretation reports and aerial photos (1943)". Item is in the collection of The National Archives; material with UK Crown Copyright, used in accordance with the Open Government License [pdf].
Summary of the contents of ref. 172A.
Ref. 172A: "German “Windjammer” R.D.F. Stations", part of "Monthly interpretation review for July 1943", 7 pp.
Ref. 174: copy of items in file AIR 14/3594 ""Windjammer" station: photographs and interpretation reports. Includes vertical and low oblique aerial photographs of 'Windjammer' radar sites in Germany and France (1943/1944)". Items are in the collection of The National Archives; material with UK Crown Copyright, used in accordance with the Open Government License [pdf].
Summary of the contents of ref. 174A-174J.
Ref. 174A: Letter entitled "W/T Bergen/Belvedere" by Squadron Leader C.W. Swanell on behalf of the Group Captain commanding R.A.F. Station Medmenham to R.V. Jones (A.D.I. Science), dated 9^th April 1943, 1 page + 1 photo
Ref. 174B: Aerial photo of station "Bergen/Belvedere" [The Netherlands], photo No. 3022, taken 22^rd March 1943 by 541 Squadron
Ref. 174C: Letter entitled "W/T – Bergen/Belvedere" by Group Captain commanding R.A.F. Station Medmenham to R.V. Jones (A.D.I. Science), dated 9^th April 1943, 1 page. (note: photos referenced in letter not on file)
Ref. 174D: Letter entitled "W/T Desvres/Le Bois Julien" on behalf of Group Captain commanding R.A.F. Station Medmenham to R.V. Jones (A.D.I. Science), dated 15^th November 1942, 1 page + 2 photos.
Ref. 174E: Letter entitled "W/T: Desvres/Le Bois Julien" on behalf of Group Captain commanding R.A.F. Station Medmenham to R.V. Jones (A.D.I. Science), dated 29^th March 1943, 1 page + 1 photo.
Ref. 174F: "Interpretation Report No. G. 308" dated 28^th June 1942, of aerial photos taken over Desvres/Le-Bois-Julien at altitude of 20k ft during Sortie A/945 on 20^th June 1942, 1 page + 1 photo.
Ref. 174G: "Interpretation report No. G.590" dated 6^th October 1942, of aerial photo taken over locality Morlaix, W/T station Mt. St. Michel, at altitude of 12k ft during Sortie Q/21 on 24^th September 1942, 2 pages + 1 photo.
Ref. 174H: Letter entitled "W/T: Pouzauges/St.Michel-Mont-Mercure" on behalf of Group Captain commanding R.A.F. Station Medmenham to Squadron Leader Whitehead (A.I.4), dated 29^th March 1943, 1 page + 3 photos.
Ref. 174J: Photos No. 4065 and 4066 of station at St. Vaast / La Pernelle, taken 31^st March 1943 from off shore. [station is fully, though vaguely, visible on horizon]
Ref. 177: post-war letters [in German] from the company "Hein, Lehmann & Co. Eisenkonstruktionen, Brücken- und Signalbau K.-G." in Berlin-Tempelhof to Telefunken in Berlin, with claims ("Altforderungen") regarding delivery and installation of various types of antenna systems (arrays, tube & lattice masts, wooden masts, metal-clad wooden huts, verticals, dishes, turntables, for "Bernhard", "Marius", "Marius II", "Uran II", "Forsthaus-KF", etc.), installations in Germany, Hungary, Monte Carlo, Croatia, etc., during the period of July 1942 through the end of the war (8 May 1945); source: corporate archives of DTM Berlin, I.2.060C-00541:
Ref. 177A: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken with payment status of 17 Telefunken purchase orders and the resulting outstanding significant claim; dated 19 June 1949, 2 pp.
Ref. 177B: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken with adjusted claims, based on assessment of Telefunken counter-claims; dated 19 June 1950, 8 pp.
Ref. 177C: Letter from Hein, Lehmann & Co. to Telefunken, with further justification for claims regarding delivery & installation of 12 "Bernhard" antenna systems (against purchase order of July 1941) for Be-2 - Be-8 and Be-12, of 6 associated "Dioden-Masten" antenna masts (based on price quote of September 1941), and delivery (without installation) of the antenna systems of Be-1 and Be-9 - Be-11; dated 5 February 1951, 3 pp.
Ref. 179: "Votragsnotiz", draft presenter notes addressed to the General-Nachrichtenführer (Gen-Nafü), 3 September 1944, 3 pp. Source: Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (BArch-MA, BAMA) Freiburg/Germany, (Signatur) file nr. RL 2-V/6, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016".
Covers original plans for geographic coverage (France, German Reich) with Bernhard stations, state of completion of the various Be-stations, status of introduction of the Bernhard/Bernhardine method for night-fighters (Nachtjagd).
Ref. 210: Maps (charts) with Luftnachrichten Anlagen (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations) from the Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (BArch-MA, BAMA) Freiburg/Germany, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016". Note: at the Archive, only free-hand photography is allowed (no tripod, etc.), under sub-obtimal lighting conditions. Also, most of the maps are large, are folded into A4-size (ca. 21x30 cm, ≈8x12 inch), and are not flat when unfolded...
Ref. 210A: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen im Reichsgebiet" (radio-navigation stations in the Reich), Oberkommando der Luftwaffe [OKL] - Generalnachrichtenführer 1- II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 65 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here 12 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8 "Ln. Anlagen (Karten)", Bandnr. 2, Teil 2 of "Anlage B, Teil 2: Ln. Anlagen verschiedener Art, Juni - Aug. 1944".
Bernhard stations Be-0, Be-9, B-10, Be-11, and Be-12 are marked on this map. Map size 4x5 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210B: "Bernhard"-Anlagen im Reichsgebiet"(radio-navigation stations in the Reich), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer Abt. 1/ II. Map is dated 1 July 1944. [file size: 24 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Bernhard stations Be-0, Be-6, Be-8 through Be-12, and Be-14 through Be-16 are marked on this map. Map size 5x2½ A4-size panels.
Ref. 210C: "Ln.-Anlagen Westfront" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations on the western front). Map is dated 30 August 1944. [file size: 22 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8
Bernhard station Be-6 is marked on this map. Map size 4x3 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210D: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen Ost-Raum" (radio-navigation installations, eastern area), OKL Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt.II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 44 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Komet, Zyklop, Egon, and Truhe stations. Map size 5x5 A4-size panels.
Ref. 210E: "Funk-Navigationsanlagen Westraum" (radio-navigation installations, western area), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt. II. Map is dated 15 June 1944. [file size: 83 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 10 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Bernhard stations Be-2, Be-6, Be-8, and Be-10 are marked on this map. Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Knickebein, Komet, Zyklop, Bernhard, Truhe, Erika, Y-(Kampf), Egon (Kampf), Baldur, Peildörfer, Flugsicherungshaupstellen, and Flugsichsrungszentralen.
Map size 6x5 A4-sheets (WxH). Map scale is 1:2000000.
Ref. 210F: "Funknavigationsanlagen" (radio-navigation installations), OKL - Generalnachrichtenführer 1. Abt.II Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 107 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 13 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Map covers Europe, from mid-Scandinavia down to mid-Italy. Map is marked with locations of Sonne, Zyklop, Egon, Truhe, Bernhard, Y-Kampf, Hermine, Knickebein, Komet, Erika, Flugsicherungs-Zentralen, Flugsicherungshauptstellen. Map size 7x4 A4-sheets (WxH). Map scale 1:200000.
Ref. 210G: "Flughafen-Bereichskommando (Koflug) 10/XII". Map is not dated. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 20/310.
Koflug 10/XII moved to Morlaix/Bretagne in July of 1940; it was dissolved in October of 1944.
Bernhard station Be-2 is marked on this map. Map is marked up with Korps- & Divisions-boundaries, Ln.-Anlagen, Flugwachen, Fliegerhorste, Unterstellungen, Armeekorps LXXIV & XXV; map scale 1:500000.
Ref. 210H: "Kommando des Flughafenbereiches 8/XII (Morlaix)" (Kdo FHB 8-XII). Map is dated 6 July 1944. [file size: 91 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 31 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 20/310.
Bernhard station Be-2 is marked on this map. Map covers the western half of Brittany (Bretagne). Map is marked with boundaries at Ln. Korps & Division level; Map scale 1:200000.
The original large single-sheet map (ca. 120x105 cm overall size) was divided into 4x5 separate map panels of ca. A4 size, that were glued onto a large sheet of thin gray canvas, and folded.
Ref. 210J: Map of FuMG Stellungen in Litauen [Luftwaffe radar sites in Lithuania], Oberkommando der Luftwaffe - Generalnachrichtenführer (O.K.L. Gen.Nafü), 1. Abt. (III). Map is dated 21 July 1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/6.
Flugwachkommandos, Flugmeldezentralen, Luftflottengrenzen also marked on the map. Map scale 1:2500000, Zchs.Nr. 44/46.
Ref. 210K: Map "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Rumänien" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Rumania]). Map is dated 25 August 1944. [file size: 25 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen, LVerm., Jägerleistellungen. Map size 5x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210L: Map "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Bulgarien" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Bulgaria). Map is dated 25 August 1944. [file size: 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen, LVerm., Flugsicherungshaupstellen, Jägerleistellungen. Also, 1 map panel has listing of Luftnachrichtentruppe units present in Bulgaria at that time. Map size 5x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210M: "Ln.-Anlagen im Raume Finnland - Übersichtskarte von Nord-Finnland" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Finland). [file size: 34 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 4 MB]. Map is dated 14 October 1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13/K5.
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Funknav. Anlagen Sonne, Kzw-Adcock, Luftparke, FMZ, S.u.J.-Stellen, Frontrep. Betriebe, LVerm., Flugsicherungshaupstellen, and Jägerdienste. Map markings include dates of explosive destruction or disassembly ("Sprengung", "Abbau"). Map size 3x2½ A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210N: "U ntitled map of northernmost Scandinavia". Map is not dated. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Map is marked with location of "Sonne" beacons S-20 at Andö and S-17 at Svanvik, Flugsicherungszentralen "Lofoten", "Polarmeer", nr. 11 at Kemi/Finland. Map scale 1:4000000. Map size 2x1 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210P: "Ln.-Anlagen Baltikum" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in the Baltic area). Map is dated 18 September 1944. [file size: 24 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 3 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13/K3.
Map is marked with locations of FuM, LV, and RV-Netz. Map size 2x2 A4-sheets (WxH).
Ref. 210Q: "Ln. Anlagen im Raume Griechenland" (Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations in Greece). Map is dated 30 August 1944 - 5 November 1944 [file size: 26 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 4 MB].
Map is marked with locations of FuMG, Flugsicherungszentralen, L. Verm., Luftparke, Ln. Gast., Frontrep. Betr., Rep. & Sammelstellen f. Bordfunk Geräte. Map size 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Ref. 210R: Map "Drahtlage Ost" (wired communication links, eastern area). Map is not dated. [file size: 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur RL 2-V/8.
Map is marked with line types (DK, Zuspannung, Heereslinie, Fernkabel, I-Kabel, LF-Kabel), LV, Schaltstellen. Scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210S: "I. Flugsicherungsbezirke" (air traffic control districts), OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. II. Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 91 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is is here, 11 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Colored map covers area of the southern half of Scandinavia through Greece. A seperate smal map of entire Scandinavia is attached to the back of the map (included). Map is marked with locations of Flugsicherungszentralen, Flugsicherungshauptstellen. Map scale 1:200000. Map size 5x4 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Ref. 210T: "I. Flugsicherungsbezirke" (air traffic control districts). Map is dated 1 October 1944. [file size: 17 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 2 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/13.
Black & white map covers area of the southern half of Scandinavia through Greece. Map is marked with locations of Flugsicherungs-Hauptstellen and Flugsicherungszentralen. Map size: 3x2 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Ref. 210U: "Wassermann-Einsatz und -Planung" (operational and planned Wasserman sites), Zeichgs-Nr. 44/18-1-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 76 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 8 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Wassermann (L/M/S; operational/under construction/planned by Luftflotten, proposed by O.K.L. Gen.Nafü.), Fu.MG (nachtjagdfähig), Jagdschloß, Mammut, Freya (+ An , + An & Kuh, + Kuh & Gemse, + Fahrstuhl), Würzburg (A-D, Riese, Riese + Gema Zusatz).
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210V: "Jägermeßstellungen" (radar sites for fighter intercept guidance), Zeichgs-Nr. 44/17-2-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 61 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 25 MB]. Note: this map was rather poorly folded (6x5 layers) and not flat at all, which made it hard to stitch the indiviudal partial images back together. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Egon (Gerät, Gerät + AN, Gerät + A/K), Y-Stellung, Y-Gerät (operational, under construction, planned), Tagjadgenauigkeit, Nachtjagdgenauigkeit, and also boundaries of Zusatzzahlgebiete, Jagdtrapezbegrenzung.
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210W: "Flugmeldeeinsatz- und Organisationsplanung", Zeichgs-Nr. 44/20-1-A, GKdos, OKL. Gen.-Nafü, 1. Abt. III. Map is dated 20 June 1944. [file size: 63 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/9.
Note: this map has the same background map as ref. 210V, but with some different mark-ups. Map covers area of northern Britain to northwestern Egypt. Map is marked with locations of Wassermann (L/M/S), Fu.MG (nachtjagdfähig), Mammut, Freya (+ An , + An & Gemse, + An & Kuh, + Kuh & Gemse, + Fahrstuhl), Würzburg (A-D, Riese, Riese + Gema Zusatz), and also boundaries of Zusatzzahlgebiete, Jagdtrapezbegrenzung.
Map size: 6x5 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2500000.
Ref. 210X: "Ln-Gerätestellungen im Landekopfraum" [Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations/sites]. Map is dated 24-June-1944. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/235 (frmr. RL 2-V/5).
Map is centered on Allied invasion beachheads in Normandie. Map is marked with location of LV, Fu.M.B., H-Peiler, Fu.M.G. Fu.Nav. (Y, Kn, E, Be), H.-Zug, Jägermeßstellungen, and s. & l. Funkfeuer sites. "Bernhard" stations Be-1 (Favières) and Be-4 (La Pernelle) are marked on this map.
Map size: ca. 4x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:500000.
Cover letter for the above map. Letter without subject, dated 24 June 1944, addressed to Chef Luftwaffe Führungsstab. Letter reference "Gen.Nafü. 1. Abt (I), Nr. 11 004/44 g. Kdos". Letter mentions scuttling/destruction of installations, transfer of forces from the Cotentin peninsula to Cherbourg, and numbers of German forces killed or taken prisoner.
Ref. 210Y: "Ln.-Anlagen im Bereich der Ostfront" [Luftwaffe Signal Corps installations on the eastern front]. Map is dated 9 February 1945. [file size: 103 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 21 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with locations of Fu.MG (1. Ordnung, Eisenbahn, mot.), Funknav.-Anlagen (Egon, Zyklop, Sonne, Truhe), LVermittlung, Jägerleitstellungen, and Flugsicherungszentralen (Nachtjagd) sites. Map markings include "Bernhard" stations Be-0, Be-12, and Be-15. On the back of the map's legend panel, the map title is repeated, but changed by hand to "Ln.-Anlagen im Bereich der Front" and "Bereich Reichsgebiet 9.2.45".
Map size: ca. 6x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale is not marked.
Ref. 210Z: "Flugsicherungseinheiten mit Nebenkarte Norwegen". Map is dated 1-Jan-1945, Gen.-Nafü 1/II. [file size: 61 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 11 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Scandinavia to Romania. Map is marked with location of Flugsicherungshauptstellen, abgesetzte UKW Arbeitsplätze, Flugsicherungszentralen (Fluz), and Rgt. / Abt. / Komp. sites.
Map size: ca. 4x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale is 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AA: "Flugsicherungszentralen Flugsicherungs-Hauptstellen", map covers area from The Netherlands to Hungary. Map is dated 1-January-1945, Gen.-Nafü 1/II. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map is marked with location of Flugsicherungszentralen (Fluz; Kampf & Nachtjagd), Flugsicherungs-Haupstellen, abgesetzte UKW-Arbeitsplätze.
Map size: ca. 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AB: "Drehkreuzachsen im Reichsgebiet". Map is dated 1-March-1945 with update on 22-March-1945, Gen.-Nafü. [file size: 88 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 26 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with location of "Drehkreuzachsen" lines (permanent phone lines, with wire-pairs twisted between masts), LV, LSZ, Jägermeßstellungen, Schaltstellen, TF-Verstärker.
Map size: ca. 5x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:1000000.
Ref. 210AC: "Gesamt-Drahtlage" [Complete com wire/cable map]. Map is dated 1-January-1945. [file size: 41 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 23 MB]. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL-2-V-19.
Map covers area from Denmark to Hungary. Map is marked with location of Drehkreuzachsen, Heereslinien, Fernkabel, Breitbandkabel, U-Kabel, LF-Kabel, LV, Schaltstellen, LSZ, Verstärkerämter, Betriebsstellen.
Map size: ca. 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map scale 1:2000000.
Ref. 210AD: "Begriffsbestimmungen" [definitions/terminology], Anlage (appendix) to "Der Reichsmarschall d. Großdeutschen Reiches und Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe Lw.Fü.St./Chef NVW Nr. 10 222/44 g.Kdos.(l/I) vom 28.2.44". Dated 28 february 1944. Page 6 missing from file. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/5.
Brief definition/clarifaction of the terms "Flugmeldedienst", "Flugwache" (Vollflugwache / Tagflugwache / Behelfsflugwache), "Fu.M.G.Stellung" (1. Ordung, 2. Ordnung, 3.Ordnung), Flugmeldezentrale (Stellungs-, Abschnitts-, Divisions-, Korps-, Flotten-), "Flugmelde-Bereiche" (Stellungs, - Abschnitts- (Flugmeldeabschnitt), Divisions-), "Einheiten des Flugmeldedienstes" (-Kompanie, -Abteilung-, -Regiment), "Flugmeldeauswertestelle eines Fliegerhorstes", "Florian-Netz", "Reportageverfahren", "Jägermeßdienst", "Jägermeßstellung", "Warnwache", "L.S.Warnkommando (L.S.Wako)", "L.S.Warnzentrale", "Eisenbahnflugwarnzentrale (Eflu-Wz.)", "Flugmeldposten der Flakartillerie".
Ref. 210AE: "Taktische Zeichen für die Neuorganization des Flugmeldedienstes, Eintragung der Geräteausstattung der Fu.M.G.-Stellung, Darstellung des Ausbauzustandes, Taktische Zeichen für die Neuorganization des Jägerleitdienstes" [map & org-chart symbology for the Luftwaffe Aircraft Reporting Service, standard equipment configuratins for radar sites, map & org-chart symbology for the reorganized Fighter Guidance Service], 1944, 6 pp. Source: BArch-MA/BAMA file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/5.
Ref. 233: airfields in The Netherlands during WW2
Ref. 233A: "Vliegvelden in oorlogstijd. Nederlandse vliegvelden tijdens bezetting en bevrijding 1940 – 1945" ["Dutch airfields during the occupation and liberation 1940-1945"], Erwin van Loo, Rolf de Winter, Peter Grimm, Boom (publ.), 2^nd ed., 2017, 512 pp., ISBN 789058756268.
Ref. 233B: "Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-1945 - The Netherlands", Henry L. deZeng, August 2014, 33 pp. [pdf]
Ref. 244: Luftwaffe & Royal Air Force fighter intercept & control methods ("Jagdverfahren"), maps, and related topics
Ref. 244A: "Nachtjagd" [intro, descriptions, and evaluations], Luftwaffe document, date unknown, 18 pp. Source: German Russian Project for digitization of archives in the Russian Federation. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
Ref. 244B: "Bestimmungen über Nachtjagd" [descriptions of methods, and instructions to Flak organisation regarding night fighting], 1^st Flakdivision, Berlin, 19 November 1943, 12 pp. Source: German Russian Project for digitization of archives in the Russian Federation. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
Ref. 244C: "Mosquito Nachtjagd", [specific fighter and flak tactics against incoming British "Mosquito" fighter-bombers] 1^st Flakdivision, Berlin, 7 March 1944, 5 pp. Source: German Russian Project for digitization of archives in the Russian Federation. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
Ref. 244D: "Das Y-verfahren für Tag- und Nachtjagd" [file size: 115 MB; good-but-lower-reslution file is here 36 MB], document without reference number, without date, without place, 113 pp.
Complete description of the "Y" procedure for day & night fighter control from ground plotting stations with short wave equipment.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/38, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016".
Ref. 244E: "Anlage 1 zu Luftflottenführungsabteilung Ia op2 Nr. 500/41 geh." [file size: 28 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 4 MB]. Map is not dated.
Map covers area of Belgium, The Netherlands, Denmark, northern Germany incl. Berlin. Map is marked with locations of militärische Sperrgebiete, Nachtsperrgebiete, Nachtjagdgebiete, Dunkle Nachtjagdsräume.
Map size: 4x2 (WxH) A4-sheets. Map is low-quality blueprint copy.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL 20/186/K.
Ref. 244F: "Einsatzbeispiel für einen Feindeinflug" (example of response to intruding enemy aircraft). Map is not dated. [file size: 84 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 10 MB].
Map shows ground track of enemy bomber stream arriving from Britain with target Frankfurt, intercepting fighters, timing, etc. Map includes large & detailed table of the entire nightfighter intercept process, from long-range radar detection to "kill", with step-by-step status/activity/communication at the level of Flugmeldekompanie, Nachtjagdraum, Fühlungshalter, Jagdgruppe, Flugmeldungszentrale, Fluko, and Flak; the entire sequence covers 1 hr 40 min.
Map size: 4x5 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL 36/443.
Ref. 244G: "Luft-Navigationskarte in Merkatorprojektion - Erweitertest Blatt Deutschland mit Jägernetz", Bodenorganisation Großraum-Nachtjagd Luftflotte Reich, July 1944. Source: Bestand/File 500, Findbuch/Index 12452, Akte/record 286 of the German-Russian Project for the Digitization of German Documents in Archives of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
Ref. 244H: "Nederland en de Duitse Nachtjacht - Van jager tot prooi" (The Netherlands and German night fighting - from hunter to prey), W.H. Lutgert, R. de Winter, pp. 536- 545 in "Militaire Spectator", vol. 183, nr. 12, December 1994. Accessed September 2019. [pdf]
Ref. 244J: "Nederland en de Duitse Nachtjacht - Van jager tot prooi (Deel 2)" (The Netherlands and German night fighting - from hunter to prey - part 2), W.H. Lutgert, R. de Winter, pp. 5-17 in "Militaire Spectator", vol. 184, nr. 1, January 1995. Accessed September 2019. [pdf]
Ref. 244K: "De Luftwaffe en Nederland - Balans van een oorlogserfenis" (The Luftwaffe and The Netherlands - legacy of a war), W.H. Lutgert, R. de Winter, pp. 450- 459 in "Militaire Spectator", vol. 184, nr. 10, October 1995. Accessed September 2019. [pdf]
Ref. 244L: "Nachtjagdnavigationskarte - herausgegeben von NJG.3.-NO" [night-fighter navigation chart issued by the Nachrichten-Offizier of the no. 3 night fighter-wing, Nachtjagdgeschwader 3]. [file size: 25 MB]
Map is not dated. Bernhard-stations Be-0, Be-6, Be-8 through Be-12 are also marked on this map. Source: collection R. Grywatz.
Ref. 244M: "Tag- und Nachtjagd, 3. Jagddivision (als beispiel)". Map is dated 29 July 1944. [file size: 24 MB; good-but-lower-resolution file is here, 9 MB].
Map covers area of The Netherlands to Heilbronn/Germany. Map is marked with location of Tagjagdstellungen and Fu.M.G. sites (1., 2., and 3. Ordnung; dunajafähig vs. nicht dunajafähig).
Map size ca 3x2 (WxH) sheets of size A4. Map scale 1:1.000.000
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL-3-1527.
Ref. 244N: "Jagd-Einsatz im November 1943", Anlage 3 (appendix 3) to "Lfl.Kdo3, Führ.Abt(1)/1c No. 15684/43 Kdos". [file size: 19 MB]
Large bar graph for each day of November 1943, with total number of fighter sorties for each day, split into "day" and "night" fighter. Also: table with statistics for each day: number (with type(s) of aircraft) for each type of sortie/mission: "Alarmstart" / "Überwachung und Sperre" / "Geleitschutz" / "Begleitschutz u. Augnahme"; / "Nachtjagd" (night fighter) / "Fernjagd" (long range intercept); also: total number of sorties/missions, number of enemy kills (incl. type of enemy aircraft), own losses.
Size: size: ca. 3x3½ (WxH) A4-sheets.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL-3-1527.
Ref. 244P: "Abschüsse der Nachtjagd im Bereich Luftwaffenbefehlshaber Mitte", Anlage 2 (appendix 2).
Graph with three lines: "hell" (helle Nachtjagd), "dunkel" (dunkle Nachtjagd), "kombiniert" (kombinierte Nachtjagd). Graph covers monthly statistics regarding enemy kills for the period April 1941 - March 1942.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL-3-1527.
Ref. 244Q: "Anzahl der voll u. bedingt (ab Juli 1941) bzw. eingeschränkt (ab Mai 1943) einsatzfähigern Besatzungen" and "Anzahl der einsatzbereiten Kampf-Flugzeuge" . [file size: 17 MB]
Graph with monthly statistics for the period mid-1939 - mid-1939: number of available flight crews and number of operational fighter planes), separate curves for "Tagjäger" (day fighters) and "Nachtjäger" (night fighters; from late 1940 onward).
Also: interesting large table with 53 key dates of the WW2, from 1 September 1939 (German invasion of Poland) through 15 August 1944 (anglo-american landing in southern France).
Size: ca. 1½ x3 (WxH) A4-sheets.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL-3-1527.
Ref. 244R: "Fighter defence of Germany - Control of fighters by the "Y" Procedure", Samuel Denys Felkin (Chief Interrogator at Bletchley), transcribed report from the British Air Ministry, Assistant Director of Intelligence (Prisoner Interrogation), A.D.I. (K) Report No. 525/1944, 14 pp. Source: The National Archives of the UK, ref. AIR40/2875 and 2876. Retrieved from www.cdvandt.org.
Ref. 244S: "Das "Y-Verfahren" für Tag- und Nacht-Jagd (Navigations-Verfahren)" ["The Y-Procedure for day and night fighter control (navigation method)"], author unknown, date & place unknown, 114 pp. The 1960s file coversheet of the Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt (Research Office for Military History) suggests that it dates to 1940/41, 114 pp. [file size: : 82 MB !!!! - with reduced resolution]
Keywords: Y-Verfahren, Y-Führung, Y-Stelle, Y-Stellung, Y-Anlage, Y-Station, Y-Einrichtung, E 16, FuG 16, Graetz-E-Mess-Gestell, Siemens-E-Mess-Gestell, Heinrich Peiler, ZVG 16, ZE ZY Zeiger, Schildkröte, PQK, S 16.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) RL 2-V/38, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016".
Ref. 244T: "Die Deutschen Nachtjagdverfahren" ["The German nigh fighter procedures"], Walter Grabmann, Generalmajor a.D., date unknown, 22 pp.
[Helle Objektjagd, helle Gebietsjagd, Himmelbett, Verfolgungsnachtjagd [pursuit night], Objektjagd "Leichentuch" / "Milchglas", 1-mot Objektjagd "Wilde Sau", Fernnachtjagd [long-range night], Zusammenarbeit mit Jäger-Flak, 13 maps].
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) ZA 3/402a, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016".
Ref. 244U: "Funkübermittlung der feindliche Luftlage" ["Transmission of enemy aircraft situation via radio" (reportage, running commentary)], excerpt of a report dated 22 March 1945 by Morgenstern, chef to the Generalnachrichtenführer (Chief Signal Officer), 14 June 1956, 9 pp.
Source: BArch file nr. (Signatur) ZA 3/402b, used in accordance with "Erstinformation für Ihren Besuch im Bundesarchiv in Freiburg, Stand Juni 2016".
Ref. 244V: "Feindreportagen" ["Running commentary on enemy aircraft"] and "Bernhard-Führung" ["Bernhard guidance"], §II and §VII, respectively, in "Nachrichtenbefehl April 1945 (Nachtjagd)", 1. Jaddivision, Nafü 3 - Nr. 2600/45, 18 March 1945, 5 pp.
Keywords: Verfolgungsnachtjagd, Führungswellen, Gruppenbefehlswellen, Geschwaderbefehlswellen UKW (Tast) Bord-Bord, Divisionsführungswellen Lgw, Kzw, UKW der 1.J.Div., Divisionsklärungswellen (Tast), Y-Linienverteilung für Aufklärer, Y-Linien für 1-mot. Nachtjagd, Mosquito-Jagd (Silber), Feindreportagen, Kennung für Fu. G 25, Rufzeichen und Rufnamen, Optische Gruppenkennung und Wellen für flg. Funkfeuer, Verschlüsselung eigener Standort- und Flughöhenangaben, Gebietsnachtjagd, Flugsicherung.
Source: Bestand/File 500, Findbuch/Index 12476, Akte/record 90, pages 31-36 of the German-Russian Project for the Digitization of German Documents in Archives of the Russian Federation. Retrieved November 2021.
Ref. 267: "Gemeentekaart van Nederland", 1944 topographical map of The Netherlands, source: topotijdreis.nl, accessed 14-Sept-2020.
Ref. 276: "Oorlogsrestant van aardbodem verdwenen" ["War remnant disappeared off the face of the earth"], Alkmaarsche Courant, 19 November 1987.
Ref. 278: "Atlantikwall in Bergen 1942 - 1945" [in Dutch], Jeroen de Jong, Hans Nauta, in "Bergense Kroniek", Vol. 18, Nr. 1, April 2011, pp. 12 -18. Source: Tijdschriften Regionaal Archief Alkmaar, accessed 7 December 2021.

External links last checked: January 2019 unless noted otherwise